Reference: I’lām al-Muwaqi’īn Vol. 2 Page 73
In the name of Allāh, Ar-Raḥmān (the most Merciful), ar-Raḥīm (The bestower of Mercy).
{Say: Say, “My Lord has indeed forbidden al-Fawāḥish (immoralities and indecency), whether committed openly or secretly; sins [of all kind] and oppression without right; that you commit Shirk (direct worship to others besides) Allāh for which He has not sent down authority; and that you say about Allāh of which you have no knowledge} [07:33]
Allāh, the Glorified, arranged the Ḥarām matters into four levels:
- He began with the easiest of them [to fall into]: the Fawāḥish (acts of immorality and indecency).
- Secondly, he mentioned what is more severe than the first one: oppression and violation.
- He mentioned in third the sin which is more severe than both the previous sins: Shirk (directing worship to others besides Allāh) the Glorified.
- In fourth, He mentioned the sin more severe than the previous three Ḥarām matters: speaking about Allah without knowledge.
This includes speaking about Allāh, the Glorified, without knowledge regarding His names, attributes, actions; regarding His religion and His laws.
Allāh, the Most High, said
{And say not concerning that which your tongues put forth falsely: “This is lawful and this is forbidden,” so as to invent lies against Allāh. Verily, those who invent lies against Allāh will never prosper. [It is only] a brief enjoyment, then they will suffer a painful punishment} [16:116-117]
Allāh, the Glorified, put forth a threat [of punishment] for those people who speak falsely regarding His laws and rulings.
This Āyah is a clarification from Him, the Glorified, that it is not permitted for a person to say: “This is Ḥalāl” and “This is Ḥarām” except after fully knowing that Allāh, the Glorified, has made that matter Ḥalāl or Harām.
فصل: المحرمات على مراتب أربع
المرجع: إعلام الموقعين ج ٢ ص ٧٣
{قُلْ إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ رَبِّيَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَالْإِثْمَ وَالْبَغْيَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَأَنْ تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ سُلْطَانًا وَأَنْ تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ}
رَتَّبَ سبحانَهُ الْمُحَرَّمَاتِ أَرْبَعَ مَرَاتِبَ، وَبَدَأَ بِأَسْهَلِهَا وَهُوَ الْفَوَاحِشُ، ثُمَّ ثَنَّى بِمَا هُوَ أَشَدُّ تَحْرِيمًا مِنْهُ وَهُوَ الْإِثْمُ وَالظُّلْمُ، ثُمَّ ثَلَّثَ بِمَا هُوَ أَعْظَمُ تَحْرِيمًا مِنْهُمَا وَهُوَ الشِّرْكُ بِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ، ثُمَّ رَبَّعَ بِمَا هُوَ أَشَدُّ تَحْرِيمًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ وَهُوَ الْقَوْلُ عَلَيْهِ بِلَا عِلْمٍ.
وَهَذَا يَعُمُّ الْقَوْلَ عَلَيْهِ سُبْحَانَهُ بِلَا عِلْمٍ فِي أَسْمَائِهِ وَصِفَاتِهِ وَأَفْعَالِهِ وَفِي دِينِهِ وَشَرْعِهِ قَالَ تَعَالَى:
{وَلا تَقُولُوا لِمَا تَصِفُ أَلْسِنَتُكُمُ الْكَذِبَ هَذَا حَلالٌ وَهَذَا حَرَامٌ لِتَفْتَرُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ لا يُفْلِحُونَ * مَتَاعٌ قَلِيلٌ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ}
تَقَدَّمَ إلَيْهِمْ سُبْحَانَهُ بِالْوَعِيدِ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ عَلَيْهِ فِي أَحْكَامِهِ.
وَهَذَا بَيَانٌ مِنْهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَقُولَ: هَذَا حَلَالٌ وَهَذَا حَرَامٌ إلَّا بِمَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ أَحَلَّهُ وَحَرَّمَهُ” انتَهَى كلامُهُ.
