Reference: http://www.alifta.net/Fatawa/FatawaChapters.aspx?View=Page&BookID=3&PageID=4216&back=true
Question: Is it permitted for a person who does not believe in Islaam to eat from the meat of the Udhhiyah Sacrifice? [1]
Response: Yes it is permitted for us to feed a Kaafir (non-Muslim) who is at peace with us or is a captive, from the meat of Udhhiyah Sacrifice. It is permitted to give a non-Muslim its meat, whether he is poor, a relative or a neighbour, or to bring his heart closer to Islam.
This is because the ritual is in the physical act of sacrificing the animal as a form of closeness to Allaah, and worshipping Him [through the sacrifice]. As for the meat then it is better to reserve a third for oneself, gift a third to relatives, neighbours and friends; and distribute a third to the poor and needy.
If a person increases or decreases in this division, or suffices with some of them then there is no problem – there is leniency in the issue.
However, the meat of the Udhhiyah sacrifice is not given to a non-Muslim who is at war against the Muslims, because the obligation in relation to such a person is to contain and weaken him, not help and strengthen him through acts of charity.
The same ruling applies to voluntary charity. [2]
This is due to the saying of Allaah (the Most High),
{Allaah does not forbid you to be just and kind to those who do not fight against you on account of religion and do not drive you out of your homes. Verily, Allaah loves those who deal with equity.} [60:08]
Also the Prophet (sal Allaahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered Asmaa Bint Abee Bakr (radhiAllaahu Anha) to maintain ties of kinship with her mother through charity even though she was a polytheist at the time of the truce.
Tawfeeq is from Allaah.
May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family and companions.
Footnotes
[1] Udhhiyyah refers to the ritual sacrifice that is done in the morning of Eid al-Adhaa. It is also called Qurbani in some culture.
[2] Please refer to: https://madeenah.com/giving-charity-to-the-non-muslims/
هل يجوز لمن لا يدين بدين الإسلام أن يأكل من لحم عيد الأضحى؟
المرجع: http://www.alifta.net/Fatawa/FatawaChapters.aspx?View=Page&BookID=3&PageID=4216&back=true١
السؤال: هل يجوز لمن لا يدين بدين الإسلام أن يأكل من لحم عيد الأضحى؟
الجواب: نعم يجوز لنا أن نطعم الكافر المعاهد والأسير من لحم الأضحية، ويجوز إعطاؤه منها لفقره أو قرابته أو جواره، أو تأليف قلبه؛ لأن النسك إنما هو في ذبحها أو نحرها؛ قربانًا لله، وعبادة له، وأما لحمها فالأفضل أن يأكل ثلثه، ويهدي إلى أقاربه وجيرانه وأصدقائه ثلثه، ويتصدق بثلثه على الفقراء، وإن زاد أو نقص في هذه الأقسام أو اكتفى ببعضها فلا حرج، والأمر في ذلك واسع، ولا يعطى من لحم الأضحية حربيًّا؛ لأن الواجب كبته وإضعافه، لا مواساته وتقويته بالصدقة، وكذلك الحكم في صدقات التطوع؛ لعموم قوله تعالى:
{لاَ يَنْهَاكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجُوكُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ أَنْ تَبَرُّوهُمْ وَتُقْسِطُوا إِلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ}
ولأن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أمر أسماء بنت أبي بكر رضي الله عنها أن تصل أمها بالمال وهي مشركة في وقت الهدنة.
وبالله التوفيق وصلى الله على نبينا محمد وآله وصحبه وسلم.
